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Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) aka RACI chart or RACI matrix

A Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) aka RACI chart or RACI matrix is a communication tool used in project management to define and allocate roles and responsibilities. It ensures that each work task in the project is assigned to a responsible agent. The RAM can be utilized within a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to determine the responsibilities of the project team for each component. It is also useful in working groups to designate roles, responsibilities, and levels of authority for specific activities.

The RAM is displayed as a matrix, enabling a clear depiction of all activities connected to a single person and all individuals connected to a single activity. This matrix structure makes sure that just one person is responsible for each activity, reducing misunderstanding and preventing effort duplication. Project managers can establish accountability and communicate clearly within the project team or working group by employing a RAM. It makes clear each person's or team's duties and responsibilities, encouraging effective coordination and task completion.

Here are the four common participation types in a RAM:

Responsible (R): These are the people or groups in charge of carrying out the work necessary to finish a project or deliverable. Even though there is usually only one core role that is defined as Responsible, additional roles may be added to help with the work.

Accountable (A): The Accountable role is ultimately in charge of making sure that a task or deliverable is correctly and completely completed. They have the power to give their approval for the work that the Responsible role performs. Only one designated Accountable should be assigned to each task or deliverable.

Consulted (C): The Consulted role consists of people or groups whose opinions and knowledge are solicited during the completion of a task or deliverable. The Consulted and other roles can communicate back and forth to exchange suggestions and counsel.

Informed (I): People or teams in the Informed function need to be kept informed of how a task or deliverable is going. When a task or milestone is finished, they are typically informed. Updates are often given to the Informed role in a one-way communication format that doesn't require their participation.

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